Andrew Goodwin theorised in his book, Dancing in the Distraction Factory (1992), that there were three main types of music video: performance, narrative and concept.
Performance videos are based around the artist or band performing their song, with the recording dubbed over. This is most common in rock or indie videos, such as Green Day's American Idiot, although it is present in many narrative videos, such as Katy Perry's California Gurls,where the artist sings the lyrics during the narrative.
Narrative videos are based around a story or message, and often use techniques from from films or TV shows. Videos like Taylor Swift's Love Story use narrative, often to tell a story about something close to the artist's heart, in this case someone she liked.
Concept-based videos come up with an interesting or artistic concept and revolve around it. Most videos that use this are mixed with performance or narrative, although OK Go's videos for Here It Goes Again and This Too Shall Pass are purely concept-based.
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